大午集团的天基 The Celestial Foundations of Dawu Group
Sun Dawu 2014-09-16 17:22
I feel very good about traditional Chinese culture. However, this is not only about how traditional culture is reflected in Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism as it will never solely exist in schools and books. More traditional culture should be reflected in the home, family, clan, and ancestral heritage. A man without culture is not terrible as terrible is to be uneducated. Culture can be derived from the schools and books, but education must come from the family and the family environment.
孙大午 2014-09-16 17:21 于 北京 通过网站
我感觉中华传统文化非常好，但这种传统文化绝不仅仅体现在儒释道，也决不仅仅存在于学校和书本，更多的传统文化应该体现在家庭、家族、宗族、宗祠传承上。一个人没有文化并不可怕，没有教养才是可怕的。文化可以来源于学校，来源于书本，但教养一定来源于家庭，来源于家族环境。
Dawujituan is a private enterprise which a decade ago was a private house implementation of the constitutional system. The private nature of this constitutional system called Taiwujituan stands for law. Because of the scale of family business most people are not worried about the absence of professional managers, but rather family members or business veterans who form offside privileges. The private constituent of business owners, decision makers and operators are decentralized. This limits the right to determine the guiding principles of corporate governance: clear property rights, sound system as well as targeted reward and punishment, "Sun Dawu said.
大午集团是一家私营企业，十年前在企业内部推行了私企立宪制度。“大午集团的私企立宪制度本质上就是依法治企。家族企业一旦形成规模，最让人担心的不是职业经理人的缺位，而是家族成员的越位或是创业元老们形成的特权。私企立宪对企业的所有者、决策者、经营者进行了分权、确权和限权，并确定了企业治理的十六字方针：产权清晰、制度健全、目标明确、赏罚分明。”孙大午说。
孙大午：我的依法治企试验 Sun Dawu: My Test for Law
D. Carlton Rossi
July 13, 2025
Question: Has Sun Dawu in effect advocated for and practised moral capitalism?
GPT-40 mini
Answer: Yes, Sun Dawu has effectively advocated for and practiced principles that align with moral capitalism through his business activities and social initiatives. Here are several key aspects that illustrate his commitment to moral capitalism:
1. Community Investment
Sun Dawu has made significant investments in his local community, focusing on education, healthcare, and infrastructure. By prioritizing the well-being of the community, he embodies the moral capitalist principle of considering the interests of all stakeholders, not just shareholders.
2. Support for Farmers
As an entrepreneur in the agricultural sector, Sun has been a vocal advocate for the rights and interests of farmers. He has worked to improve their conditions and promote sustainable agricultural practices, reflecting a commitment to social responsibility and ethical business practices.
3. Ethical Business Practices
Sun Dawu has criticized corruption and unfair competition in the business environment. His emphasis on integrity and fairness in business dealings aligns with the moral capitalist view that companies should operate ethically and contribute positively to society.
4. Advocacy and Activism
Sun has not shied away from speaking out on social and economic issues, even when facing challenges from authorities. His willingness to advocate for justice and fairness demonstrates a commitment to moral principles, reinforcing his role as a responsible business leader.
5. Focus on Sustainable Development
His approach to business includes a focus on sustainability, recognizing the importance of environmental stewardship. This aligns with the moral capitalist perspective that businesses should operate in ways that are environmentally responsible and sustainable for future generations.
Conclusion
Through his actions and advocacy, Sun Dawu has effectively promoted and practiced moral capitalism. His commitment to community welfare, ethical business practices, and social responsibility exemplifies the principles of moral capitalism, making him a notable figure in discussions about ethical entrepreneurship in China.
D. Carlton Rossi grinding corn at Langwuzhuang Hebei on April 20, 2013
Restriction of Food Imports and Exports
The main issue which Canadian farmers are now concerned with was the restriction on March 1, 2019 of "some" Chinese imports of canola amounting to billions of dollars of lost sales and what to do about spring planting. If it is recalled correctly it was on January 3rd that the author expressed the view that it was probable that canola exports to China would be restricted based on his assessment of the Huawei situation and other considerations. He continued to recommend that the Huawei issue be treated as one of morality rather than legality and the only free-trade was ironically one of prisoners whose families were waiting for them. The PMO with its sunny ways pooh poohed the Winnie the Pooh scenario citing its ephemeral optimism of win-win.
Of course, there is no scientific basis for the Chinese claim that Canadian canola is infested with ephemerae or insect pests lasting transitorily. The Chinese were indicating to Minister Freeland that officials of the PMO and others were regarded as "pests" with their insistence on an absolute interpretation of rule of law. They have linked their ban on imports of canola and the arrests of Kovrig and Spavor with the arrest of MENG Wanzhou.
A parallel situation reared its ugly head in 2016 when canola "dockage" was the excuse and Garratt was accused of espionage. The Chinese were retaliating because of the arrest of Su BIN for his admitted role in a conspiracy of hackers from the PLA's Air Force to illegally access and steal US military information. At that time, the author uniquely interpreted the dockage issue to be the Chinese dissatisfaction with the Canadian view of human rights. In his opinion, the Chinese were saying indirectly that it was impossible to eliminate all human rights abuses in any society as it was to scientifically and completely eliminate dockage. They were also saying that rule of law is what a rule by law government says it is.
The author encountered a situation about 10 years ago which reminded him of the restrictions placed on canola. He had visited Wilfred Laurier University to solicit donations of books which were to be sent to the middle school of Dawu Group. The university agreed to donate used surplus books to the school. In turn, the author would use his import/export contacts and expertise to facilitate the matter and pay for transportation costs.
He acquired wooden shipping crates provided free of charge from a Canadian tobacco company. These bulky crates had been sent to China and then had been returned to Canada from China. They were in excellent shape, looked almost new. and were properly stored. They had been treated chemically so that they would not be infested with insect pests and been imprinted accordingly. However, the Chinese shipper refused to send them as they were. The shipper said with bald face that the containers did not meet the standards for shipment because they had not been chemically treated. It appeared to the author that the company had been instructed not to accept the shipment because it would be sent to Dawu School. It had nothing to do with chemical designation, but rested solely on the particular destination. In other words, the author was regarded as a "pest" for wanting to help Dawu students who now number over 5000.
Before one proceeds one must add a cautionary note. If one is involved in the decision-making process within government then personal issues must be placed aside. One must not let potential conflict of interest or the appearance of it affect one's judgement. Chinese negotiators will take advantage of the situation as they have done in the past. Harden your shell and you will be invincible. Steel yourself and you will be victorious.
The author will not offer any more solutions to problems of dockage or pests which are ultimately politically oriented. It is though a matter of economics. Canada should not put up with this nonsense of arbitrary or non-scientific restrictions regarding agricultural exports. If a country like Saudi Arabia arbitrarily bans imports of wheat and barley from Canada because of Canada's views on human rights then Canada should reciprocate the ban by extending it to 25 years on wheat and barley exports to Saudi Arabia. Give it back to them in spades.
If a country like China--on two separate occasions-- restricts imports of all or some Canadian canola because of Canada's views on human rights and rule of law then Canada should extend the ban, based on economic considerations, to all canola exports over a 25 year period. Why must we constantly be on the defensive? If China doesn't want Canadian canola then it doesn't want Canadian canola. Give it what it wants on Canada's terms of 25 years. If China wishes to switch from canola to soy oil while it has a shortage in vegetable oil supplies of 20 million tonnes then why try to argue with their logic? Let's see how happy their state planning will make 1.2 billion Chinese who have placed an emphasis on food and family by eating mustard seed as far back as the Han Dynasty (206 BCE -CE 221).
If governments of these countries wish to regard food (which is ultimately the import of water) in a political context then Canada should respond economically. Canada should not bend, scrape and ultimately make costly concessions to win back these contracts. The Party used food as a political weapon against its own people during the period of the Cultural Revolution. Forty million Chinese farmers starved to death. The Party now thinks it can apply this political standard outside China to economically hurt our farmers. No way. This Canadian refuses to be continually blackmailed by illegal exaction.
Climate change is a fact. It is happening right now. In the last summer, smoke from B.C wildfires drifted across Canada. This smoke delayed the maturation process of canola by 10 days in some areas. While our climate is getting warmer; so, too, the unpredictability of our weather is increasing with extremes being the new norm. It is uncertain how these factors will affect future crops. At the moment, Canada has surpluses of crops which we can export. These surpluses may dwindle as time passes with warmer climate and uncertain weather. Canola seed requires cold weather in a temperate climate to germinate.
Our customers depend on our agricultural exports. They rely on our high quality products. They rely on our guaranteed delivery. They rely on our supplies meeting their demand. They trust us. It is a balanced relationship.
However, Canadians cannot serve our loyal and steadfast customers if a few are playing political games. Every shopkeeper has the right to sell or not to sell product or services to whomever they want. If a shopkeeper is not satisfied with how a customer conducts business then he has the right to say to that customer--don't come back. Our obligation is to those who respect contracts and not to those who break them for political reasons. There is enough uncertainty with regard to climate and weather in terms of the economics of agriculture. We do not also need political uncertainty in the equation.
With respect to China it will be very difficult for Canada to find other customers to replace the loss of "some" substantial sales. It is highly probable that canola farmers will ask for financial compensation from the Canadian government. And they deserve it. Before any compensation is paid, though, a 25 year ban on "all" canola exports to China must be put in place. Since it is the second time we have been extorted then we double down. If you are mistreated once then you are a victim. If you are mistreated twice then you are a fool. If you are mistreated three times then you are mad. We would be fools to resume sales at any time in the next 25 years and jeopardize our reputation with our loyal customers of being a secure export supplier in the agriculture industry. If so, so long--lóng.
With climate change and with weather variability our loyal and reliable customers will appreciate a secure supply of the highest quality food. If there happens to be a food shortage in the next twenty-five years in either the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia which is without enough fresh water or the People's Republic of China which is without enough arable land and potentially fresh water then it will not be our political concern. Those governments will be accountable to their own people who do not have benefit of a vote to remove their governments.
D. Carlton Rossi
2019年3月20日
The absurdity of the Liberal Government's China Policy and Strategy as it pertains to Canola
Some critics have commented on Goodale's mission to Beijing with regard to the canola issue as being absurd. They say the real issue is the arrest of MENG Wanzhou who is an executive of Huawei. It seems the Canadian government understands all of this, too; but, nevertheless, sticks to the point of demanding scientific proof of pests. Goodale goes to Beijing (at the same time as Lighthizer and Mnuchin who are negotiating a complex trade deal of immense proportions with Vice-Premier LIU He). Goodale delivers a speech to the cameras about hammering away on the pest issue. Might he be unaware of who is the hammer and who is the nail? He might even have a dialogue with someone in the Chinese agriculture department about pests in the following vein. "We have no pests." "Yes, you have pests." This might go on as "argumentum ad infinitum". He may consult with the ex-ambassador to China whose chosen Chinese name means honourable head of the family who gives wheat. All of these would be examples of the definition of the word "absurd" through exemplification. The absurdity of the Liberal government's China policy and strategy as it pertains to canola is an echo of the past which means a pattern has been established.
It may be said in criticism about the author that he is trying to use reason to understand what is really absurd. There is some degree of truth in that accusation. He is reminded of the character Don Quixote who in his moments of sanity tried to understand his own madness. The errant-knight saw brilliance in the subtleties of what appear to most of us as illogical gibberish. For example, he would ponder over the significance of the following sentence. "The reason for the unreason to which my reason is subjected , so weakens my reason that I have reason to complain of your beauty". It is clear that Quixote doesn't quite have all of his mental faculties since he takes the absurd so seriously and therein lies the comedy. It is quite understandable if a critic finds the theme of this essay to be rather absurd and laughable, but perhaps the author is not so sillily insensible as he may seem.
One needs to put the present into perspective by examining the past. On June 28, 2014, SU Bin--who was a permanent resident of Canada--was arrested for cyberespionage against Amercian military contractors with the theft of hundreds of thousands of files. Kevin Garratt who is a Canadian was arrested in China on August 4, 2014 in a tit-for-tat response and later charged with espionage. There was no foundation for the charges against Garratt. One might even call them absurd. Garratt didn't report to CSIS, but rather to God. He was held as a bargaining chip.
The Chinese did not want Canada to extradite SU Bin to the United States according to the Canada-United States Extradition Treaty. However, the extradition did take place. SU Bin admitted his role in the theft, paid a fine and was offered a plea deal with regard to sentence. He was sentenced on July 13, 2016. Garratt was treated in a similar way. He was charged with "suspicion of stealing and spying to obtain state secrets". The operative word there is "suspicion". No real evidence was presented at a closed kangaroo trial. He plead guilty to the charge, paid a fine and then was deported in September 2016.
That happened to be the time that China was offering and Canada was seeking a free-trade deal. To put it another way, Canada wanted free-trade and China wanted an extradition treaty with Canada so that Chinese would not be extradited to the United States, but rather be sent to China. In other words, the Chinese wanted their claim to take precedence over the American claim with respect to extradition in serious espionage cases. Of course, they couched the issue in other terms such as fighting corruption and recovery of illegal proceeds.
The first time that canola came to the forefront was actually in 2016. It was on February 22, 2016 that China's quarantine agency said it wanted to cut dockage. Basically, dockage is anything that is not canola seed as determined by a series of three sieves in the Carter tester. The reduction was to have been from 2.5% to 1% in order to reduce chances of potential blackleg disease. One might link this new change in policy to both the prospects of a free-trade agreement and extradition treaty as well as the charges laid against Garratt on January 28, 2016. These issues became prominent in September 2016 as they were negotiated.
There was an absurdity in the Canadian position regarding dockage reduction. The reason is that many producers had actually reduced dockage to lower transportation costs by rail to the port of export. Dockage was then added at the shipping terminal to meet the 2.5% requirement. It may very well be that the Chinese knew of this circumstance.
While exploratory talks on free-trade and an extradition treaty began in 2016 they did not mature into active talks. Trudeau himself has been blamed because of the approach he has taken. At a four day trip to China around December 04, 2017, he insisted to Premier LI Keqiang that the Chinese listen to his "progressive agenda" which involved protecting women, labour laws and the environment. China's response was to tell Trudeau to take back his garbage.
While Trudeau's approach was seen by the Chinese as arrogant, it might also be interpreted to be absurd. Why was he mixing social issues with trade? The more general question though is "Why does he want free-trade and an extradition treaty with an authoritarian regime which favours SOE's and represses human rights? It is also absurd for Trudeau if he thinks he can get a free-trade deal without an extradition treaty. They go hand-in-hand.
While the finishing touches on a new NAFTA Agreement designated as USMCA were being negotiated it was announced that Article 32.10 had been inserted at the insistence of the United States. This article states that "any one of the three USMCA partners must inform the other two in advance about starting free-trade negotiations with a non-market economy and that the other partners can terminate the USMCA if those negotiations result in a free-trade agreement." Finance Minister Morneau said that this was similar to the existing situation.
Morneau's assessment is not accurate since NAFTA went from a general prohibition to a specific one under USMCA Article 32.10 which undoubtedly refers to what might be a free-trade agreement between Canada and China which is a non-market economy. A week later, on October 11, 2018, Morneau seemed to mock the clause when he said at the Greater Vancouver Board of Trade “if your largest client is Telus, and you are about to sign a deal with Bell Canada, you might think about that and make sure they are OK with it”.
It was not long before the Liberal government sent four, high-level, negotiators to China in order to discuss canola and other agricultural products. It was announced on November 12, 2019 that the government's aim was to double agricultural exports to China by 2025. However, the door still remained closed due to both tariff and non-tariff barriers imposed by China.
When Trudeau was at the ASEAN summit in Singapore on November 14, 2018 he said that Canada and China will continue to work together towards an “eventual” free trade deal. The Canadian Press also reported that "Trudeau and LI Keqiang met at a key gathering of Asia-Pacific leaders, hoping to push ahead on talks toward a free trade agreement". One can deduce from these statements that both Canada and China were concerned with the non-market economy issue with respect to their sovereignty and were looking with renewed interest in free trade. Both countries returned to the canola agenda.
An important key to opening the Chinese door to a non-tariff barrier of canola was the approval by the Chinese of two seed traits on January 09, 2019; although, one trait has still to pass the test. All three had met Canadian requirements in 2012, but awaited Chinese approval for export. The Canada Canola Council estimates that approval of these traits will allow growers to increase productivity using the same amount of land.
The Chinese approval of canola traits was directly tied to the arrest of MENG Wanzhou on December 1, 2018. This was an incentive (carrot) for Canada to release her. However, the Chinese also brandished a stick by slowing down customs approval as canola arrived at Chinese ports. WSAU News reported that "one Chinese crusher that had a cargo which arrived at the end of December said it took more than 20 days to clear customs, about twice the usual time, as authorities carried out more thorough inspections related to GMOs."
The author was well aware that there was a high probability that China would retaliate for Ms. Meng's arrest with regard to Canada's canola exports. He proposed shortly after her arrest that Ms. Meng be traded for the five Canadians who were already in Chinese custody. He saw it as an issue of morality rather than legality. It was a doable solution because the US justice department had not yet laid formal legal charges. He did not explicitly associate probable retaliation on canola exports because he did not want to link morality with commerce in regard to the arrest of Ms Meng. It seems that this was the exact kind of error that Prime Minister Trudeau made with regard to the SNC-Lavalin affair when he linked legality with commerce and then tried to short-circuit the legal issues through interference in the judicial system.
The author continued to press the issue of a trade of prisoners based on morality as it involved family reunification at the time of the upcoming Spring Festival. The Chinese then added Kovrig and Spavor to the list of hostages and retried Schellenberg. In the first week of January the author warned that there was a high probability that canola sales would be targeted; although, he still did not link it with a moral imperative. On two different occasions, in open letters, he volunteered to meet the Chinese ambassador in Ottawa to discuss a trade of prisoners on the condition that it met the approval of the Canadian government. If he could have facilitated a trade of prisoners it is almost assured that Canada today would be on the road to doubling agricultural exports to China.
One has to go back to the initial premise. There has been an unstated and unspoken association among negotiators on both sides between canola exports and an extradition treaty since late summer 2016 if not from the earlier time when charges were laid against Garratt. It is not surprising then that the Chinese were upset with the possible extradition of Ms Meng to the US which was based on the US-Canada Extradition Treaty. It was almost inevitable from the Chinese point of view that canola exports would be hurt--especially since our Minister of Foreign Affairs has a personal interest in canola. The issue for the Chinese was no longer a hypothetical China-Canada extradition treaty, but the arrest of a top executive of Huawei who might be extradited to the US.
In conclusion, it is said that China-Canada relations are the worst they have been since the recognition of China by Pierre Elliott Trudeau in 1970. The Chinese nicknamed Justin Trudeau "small potato". Only an arrogant Trudeau could take that as a compliment because it is derisive. It is equivalent to the "small Bush" nickname given by the Chinese to George W. Bush. The Trudeau policy of talking exploratory free-trade with China while listening to extradition treaty arguments is absurd. China is not a free-market economy and is an authoritarian political regime. Furthermore, a China-Canada extradition treaty could only undermine the Charter of Rights and Freedoms which was the main achievement of Pierre Elliott Trudeau. Finally, canola was actually genetically modified in the early 1970's by public sector scientists. This period coincided with the first term of the government of Pierre Elliott Trudeau. By 2018, China accounted for 40 percent of Canada's canola seed, oil and meal exports. Today, Canada may stand to lose 2.7 billion dollars per year at the end of the first term of Justin Trudeau's government if China permanently blocks Canadian canola products. Isn't that just about as absurd as it can get?
D. Carlton Rossi
2019年4月03日
REFERENCES
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CANOLA COUNCIL OF CANADA, Canada and China pledged to double agricultural trade by 2025 at the Economic and Financial Strategic Dialogue in Beijing on Nov. 12, co-chaired by Canadian Minister of Finance Bill Morneau and Minister of International Trade Diversification Jim Carr, November 14, 2018.
https://www.topcropmanager.com/canada-and-china-plan-to-double-agricultural-trade-by-2025-21559/
CHIANG, Chuck, Alarm bells ring over non-market economy clause USMCA’s U.S. veto on future China deals signals realities of global trade fragmentation, Business Vancouver, October 11, 2018.
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COLE, Michael J., It starts with canola: How China could weaponize Canada’s federal election, Special to The Globe and Mail, March 28, 2019.
https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-it-starts-with-canola-how-china-could-weaponize-canadas-federal/
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NICKEL Rod, PATTON Dominique, GU Hallie, Canadian canola runs into Chinese delays after Huawei arrest, WSAU Wisconsin Morning, February 05, 2019.
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TOP CROP MANAGER, China grants regulatory approval of TruFlex canola with Roundup Ready technology, January 09, 2019.
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Canola Dockage
In a previous essay called "What was the canola dispute about?" the author commented on the canola trade dispute between Canada and China at the end of August 2016. It appeared to most that the issue was about "dockage" or unwanted material in the canola shipments to China and the potential loss of $2 billion worth of trade. In addition, there was the human rights issue of a single Canadian arrested on trumped up charges. Our trade representative at the time who was Chrystia Freeland certainly thought so. Why would this be the case?
It is not surprising since an international trade representative would normally see matters as a trade issue which needed a solution. She had been raised on a farm which raised canola near Peace River. During the negotiations she asked her father to send a sample of canola to her so that she could show it at the meetings. She said that she understood the "absolute importance" of the two countries' trade relationship, which includes billions of dollars worth of canola shipments. There was also the third issue of the arrest of Kevin Garrett which she would have been interested in because of her background in public service, rights and the family's background in Europe.
However, the author was raised in a different environment at a different time. His father had served his country as a volunteer throughout WWII and defended our system of values. After the war he served the community as an upaid elected member of the public school board for twenty-five years. He was also a member of every community organization including the local Liberal Party. As a universal donor he gave his blood more than 75 times. His living was made at a nickel refinery where his son also worked. Therefore, his son has a similar outlook on life in terms of community service and work.
The author was not raised on a farm, but rather lived on a farm since 2003 of the Dawu Group in Hebei Province. The Dawu Group served the community through employing local peasants, building a hospital, establishing a grain business among other activities. Its leader Sun Dawu put people ahead of profits. He also established a private constitutional enterprise system which has evolved between 2004 to the present day with elections every two years. It is not surprising therefore that the author appreciates not only an agricultural business of the people, but also civic service.
The author did not see the negotiations as solely an issue of dockage or leftovers worth nothing or in terms of $2 billion of trade. Rather, he saw the primary issue was human rights. You may remember that the Chinese negotiators neither wanted to talk about dockage nor human rights. The reason was that the Chinese linked the two issues. Their hidden agenda was to degrade the human rights' issues which Canada values.
China had earlier demanded that dockage be reduced from 2% to 1%. If it wasn't reduced then it would not accept shipments of canola from Canada. It so happened that our international trade representative was very familiar with canola. That was not a coincidence for the Chinese. They wanted her talking about the absolute importance of canola and not the absolute importance of human rights. They also wanted human rights' matters concentrated on one individual (whom they had imprisoned) and not on the general situation of human rights in China. For future free-trade negotiations they wanted trade and not free individuals or people.
If one is not familiar with the Chinese mind it may be very difficult to understand them. As a teacher of English, the author instructed the Chinese how to "imitate" Western thought patterns. Westerners generally think in patterns of three. For example, it takes three things to make a series. In turn, the author taught himself to think in binary terms like the Chinese. For example, the yin-yang symbol expresses parallel flows of increasing and decreasing.
The Chinese saw the issue as twin pairs of opposites. On one hand, there was dockage worth nothing and at the other extreme was $2 billion worth of a commodity. On the other hand, they valued human rights as nothing (equivalent to dockage) and lack of liberty as everything where people are treated as a commodity. It appears most Canadians were unaware of this linkage.
In the past, Canada had exported canola under contract to China which was 98% canola seed. It was near perfect. There was only 2% dockage. The Chinese demanded that it be more perfect. The seed had to be 99% pure: they appealed to scientific materialism. Don't forget that one is talking about a seed that Canadians invented decades earlier. Canadians found this requirement difficult if not impossible to meet.
Basically, though, the Chinese were subtlety equating the canola and dockage issue to human rights. It was recognized that Canada had an excellent record on human rights, but it was not perfect. For example, native Canadians have historically been treated abysmally in terms of human rights. It is very difficult for Canada to increase its record by 1% to eliminate human rights' abuses or dockage so to speak. If there were 98 people out of 100 who enjoyed human rights then it would be difficult to increase that by one person (an innocent prisoner convicted of espionage) unless concessions were made.
The Chinese wanted the Canadian representatives to contrast the lack of human rights in China. If 98% of people in China do not enjoy human rights under an authoritarian regime then it would be very difficult to reduce that level by 1%. It is dictated, therefore, not to talk of human rights in either China where the canola negotiations took place or in Canada which has entered exploratory free-trade talks. In other words, trade may be free but the freedom of people or persons who enjoy full protected human rights is of no concern. It has no commercial value. Human rights are equivalent to dockage and people are reduced to objects.
It is not surprising since an international trade representative would normally see matters as a trade issue which needed a solution. She had been raised on a farm which raised canola near Peace River. During the negotiations she asked her father to send a sample of canola to her so that she could show it at the meetings. She said that she understood the "absolute importance" of the two countries' trade relationship, which includes billions of dollars worth of canola shipments. There was also the third issue of the arrest of Kevin Garrett which she would have been interested in because of her background in public service, rights and the family's background in Europe.
However, the author was raised in a different environment at a different time. His father had served his country as a volunteer throughout WWII and defended our system of values. After the war he served the community as an upaid elected member of the public school board for twenty-five years. He was also a member of every community organization including the local Liberal Party. As a universal donor he gave his blood more than 75 times. His living was made at a nickel refinery where his son also worked. Therefore, his son has a similar outlook on life in terms of community service and work.
The author was not raised on a farm, but rather lived on a farm since 2003 of the Dawu Group in Hebei Province. The Dawu Group served the community through employing local peasants, building a hospital, establishing a grain business among other activities. Its leader Sun Dawu put people ahead of profits. He also established a private constitutional enterprise system which has evolved between 2004 to the present day with elections every two years. It is not surprising therefore that the author appreciates not only an agricultural business of the people, but also civic service.
The author did not see the negotiations as solely an issue of dockage or leftovers worth nothing or in terms of $2 billion of trade. Rather, he saw the primary issue was human rights. You may remember that the Chinese negotiators neither wanted to talk about dockage nor human rights. The reason was that the Chinese linked the two issues. Their hidden agenda was to degrade the human rights' issues which Canada values.
China had earlier demanded that dockage be reduced from 2% to 1%. If it wasn't reduced then it would not accept shipments of canola from Canada. It so happened that our international trade representative was very familiar with canola. That was not a coincidence for the Chinese. They wanted her talking about the absolute importance of canola and not the absolute importance of human rights. They also wanted human rights' matters concentrated on one individual (whom they had imprisoned) and not on the general situation of human rights in China. For future free-trade negotiations they wanted trade and not free individuals or people.
If one is not familiar with the Chinese mind it may be very difficult to understand them. As a teacher of English, the author instructed the Chinese how to "imitate" Western thought patterns. Westerners generally think in patterns of three. For example, it takes three things to make a series. In turn, the author taught himself to think in binary terms like the Chinese. For example, the yin-yang symbol expresses parallel flows of increasing and decreasing.
The Chinese saw the issue as twin pairs of opposites. On one hand, there was dockage worth nothing and at the other extreme was $2 billion worth of a commodity. On the other hand, they valued human rights as nothing (equivalent to dockage) and lack of liberty as everything where people are treated as a commodity. It appears most Canadians were unaware of this linkage.
In the past, Canada had exported canola under contract to China which was 98% canola seed. It was near perfect. There was only 2% dockage. The Chinese demanded that it be more perfect. The seed had to be 99% pure: they appealed to scientific materialism. Don't forget that one is talking about a seed that Canadians invented decades earlier. Canadians found this requirement difficult if not impossible to meet.
Basically, though, the Chinese were subtlety equating the canola and dockage issue to human rights. It was recognized that Canada had an excellent record on human rights, but it was not perfect. For example, native Canadians have historically been treated abysmally in terms of human rights. It is very difficult for Canada to increase its record by 1% to eliminate human rights' abuses or dockage so to speak. If there were 98 people out of 100 who enjoyed human rights then it would be difficult to increase that by one person (an innocent prisoner convicted of espionage) unless concessions were made.
The Chinese wanted the Canadian representatives to contrast the lack of human rights in China. If 98% of people in China do not enjoy human rights under an authoritarian regime then it would be very difficult to reduce that level by 1%. It is dictated, therefore, not to talk of human rights in either China where the canola negotiations took place or in Canada which has entered exploratory free-trade talks. In other words, trade may be free but the freedom of people or persons who enjoy full protected human rights is of no concern. It has no commercial value. Human rights are equivalent to dockage and people are reduced to objects.
D. Carlton Rossi
2017年4月12日
D. Carlton Rossi
2017年4月12日
China-Canada Free Trade
Free-trade negotiations will begin shortly with China "ceteris paribus". They are ill-conceived since it is a contradiction to have free trade in this day and age among countries of such unequal, economic size and strength. With its smaller size economy, Canada will be at a severe disadvantage. It will be like Wallonia in the European Economic Union or perhaps the autocratic, Marxian country of Freedonia. The negotiations are inconceivable in that Canada has a system of rule of law while China's system is one of rule by law. A free trade agreement with China will infringe upon and impinge on four, key, core values of Canadians; namely, free-trade mandate, judicial law, territorial sovereignty and environmental protection.
Throughout Canada's history, elections have been won or lost on the issue of trade reciprocity with the United States. Reciprocity is a core concern of Canadians. However, in the run-up to the most recent federal election there was virtually no talk of China let alone a free trade agreement with China. The Liberal government has no idea what the opinions of Canadians are on this most important issue. It is a grievous and egregious error to begin trade negotiations with China on free trade without a mandate from Canadians. Either another federal election is required or a national referendum needs to be held immediately.
It may be necessary to remind Canadians that the reciprocity issue (free-trade) has been a key feature of several elections throughout Canada's history. In 1891, the Laurier liberals ran on a platform of removal of tariffs. It lost to the conservative protectionist party. Unsuccessful attempts by the liberals to revive free trade with a reciprocity treaty in 1911 led to a political victory by the conservatives who warned of annexation. More recently, the Progressive Conservatives won the 1988 election on almost the exclusive basis of a Canada-US Free Trade Agreement or FTA. In 1993, the pro-NAFTA conservative government majority was reduced from 154 members to 2 members.
It was disingenuous of the Liberal Party to not have campaigned on the issue of free trade with China. It was well known that the FIPA agreement with China (which was vigorously opposed by Canadians) formed the basis to negotiate a free trade agreement with China. At that time, China expressed interest in a free trade agreement with Canada. Why did the Liberal Party wait more than one year into their term to accept exploratory talks with the Chinese if not to avoid an election on the issue. They do not have a mandate to initiate free-trade talks with China because the was effectively silenced in their election platform.
A free-trade platform in an election is a core necessity for Canadians if free-trade is contemplated. It has been omitted and been replaced by behind the scenes pay-for-play strategy with the Chinese to fund the next campaign. It is opportunistic at best and at worst it is oligarchic behaviour for the Liberal government.
Donald Trump ran on a protectionist platform to change or even scrap NAFTA. While he mainly directed his attention to Mexico it was well understood that by extension it could also apply to the other signatory of the agreement which is Canada. President Trump has a clear mandate based on the results of the electoral college to renegotiate NAFTA.
On the other hand, the Liberal government does not have a mandate to negotiate a free-trade agreement with China. The PRC is an autocratic regime which has trampled on human rights. Are you aware the head of the Supreme People's Court has just dismissed the concept of judicial independence as an “erroneous Western ideal” and trap? In other words, China is governed by the Communist Party under one man rule rather than under the rules of a constitution. If Canada pursues accelerated free-trade with China without a clear electoral mandate then its democracy will regress from Periclean to Peisistratean tyranny.
A second core issue for Canadians is rule of law both domestically and internationally. Canadians are protected domestically by both a Constitution and a Charter while they are protected internationally by universal rights and conventions. On the other hand, authoritarian states such as China have wonderful constitutions which are flaunted about, but laws protecting citizens are flouted. China has routinely circumvented laws of international organizations such as the WTO and United Nations for its own advancement. Its core concerns are dictated by its four core leaders. Therefore, what is the guarantee that China will abide by the terms of a free-trade treaty?
A third core issue concerns territory. Canada's territory has been set with bilateral agreements with the United States to establish a virtual free border between them. Its other borders have been recognized by international agreements. On the other hand, there is no international agreement concerning China's claim to territory or free land in the South China Sea. Its claim is enforced through its navy.
In other words, Canada's definition of territory is specific while China's definition of territory is general. The Chinese definition is nebulous, turbid and indistinct. It could include practically anything. Why does this inconsistency exist after 18 years of preparation for FIPA and will the error be repeated in a China-Canada free-trade agreement?
Canada has long been criticized by the US administration for not defending freedom of the seas in the South China Sea. Perhaps this is because Canada claims sovereignty in its northern passage rather than recognizing the American position regarding freedom of the seas. However, the Canadian position is rather hypocritical since Canada depends militarily on the United States to keep the passage open. A second in command of the Canadian armed forces was removed recently for divulging confidential data concerning the shipbuilding program which was to have enforced our claims to sovereignty in the north.
Is the government completely convinced that a general definition of territory will not come into conflict with a specific definition of territory with respect, in particular, to the Arctic. What if China were to challenge Canada's sovereignty to the Arctic by sending an icebreaker and tanker through the territorial passage recognized by international agreements as Canadian without the approval of the Canadian government? What if China wished to purchase and upgrade deep water ports at Tuktoyaktuk in the Inuvik Region or Churchill port owned by OmniTRAX? The issue of a dual type of definition for territorial sovereignty must be examined, debated and voted upon in the House of Commons before trade talks begin.
The fourth core issue concerns the environment. For clarity, the issue of coal shipments will be examined. A high percentage of coal sales to China are made by one company---Teck Resources. It is believed that China imposes a tariff of between 3 to 6% on these shipments depending on type and grade of coal. Presumably, in order to have these tariffs reduced to zero (as in the Australian case) then Canada must make some other concession to China.
In 2009, China's state-owned China Investment Corporation purchased a 17 per cent position in Teck Resources through a subsidiary called Fullbloom Investment Corporation. Really, will a 100 flowers bloom 百花运动 on Bloomsday in a coal-induced haze over Beijing? At any rate, as a result of Fullbloom's minority stake in Teck Resouces, Quan Chong was appointed as one of 14 directors on the Teck board. That, in itself is business as usual. What is unusual and perhaps unique is that Quan Chong is a Deputy in the National People's Congress of China. Dermod Travis of Integrity BC said that this issue threatens Canada's sovereignty. "We ultimately risk ceding a great deal of control over the rate our resources are mined, the use of those resources and, potentially, who will be hired to do the mining itself"
Neither Canada nor China can live up to their international obligations concerning reduction of greenhouse gases if Chinese tariffs are reduced on Canadian coal exports. It is unconscionable of Canadian companies to dig up these resources but leave the refining to countries like China which have environmental laws which are not enforced. It is NIMBY at its worst. The solution is for Canada to proportionately impose an export tariff of between 3 and 6 per cent if any Chinese coal tariffs are reduced. Of course, a similar argument can be applied to shipment of bitumen to China.
It is one thing to assume that because neither Canadian reporters nor citizens asked questions at the town halls about China-Canada free-trade, which were engineered to deflect criticism of patronage and pay-for-play, that they have no concern for basic, entrenched core values in their trade relations with China. If Canadians were interested in free trade at all it would not be to satisfy the elite, vested interests of a clique of executives, but rather it would rest on the core interests of all Canadians. The Canadian government's China policy has been neither apparent nor transparent. This can only bode ill-will for the well-being of Canadians. The government's negotiations prior to the Hanzhou conference can be considered at best amateurish and smiles don't go that many miles--not when Chinese police wear smiley face stickers when arresting human rights advocates.
Canada should not do what its trade opponent wants or should one rather say "don't do everything your trade rival wants"! It is one thing to look for common interests concerning trade between two countries such as the United States and Canada, but it is a totally different matter for one who may have no core interests to willfully or wistfully overlook the differences between Canadian core interests and the interests of a core, Chinese leader. Sonny Liston did not follow sunny ways in the boxing ring. He fought without charity to crush his opponent. Expect nothing less from your trade competitor.
D. Carlton Rossi
2017年1月20日
Free-trade negotiations will begin shortly with China "ceteris paribus". They are ill-conceived since it is a contradiction to have free trade in this day and age among countries of such unequal, economic size and strength. With its smaller size economy, Canada will be at a severe disadvantage. It will be like Wallonia in the European Economic Union or perhaps the autocratic, Marxian country of Freedonia. The negotiations are inconceivable in that Canada has a system of rule of law while China's system is one of rule by law. A free trade agreement with China will infringe upon and impinge on four, key, core values of Canadians; namely, free-trade mandate, judicial law, territorial sovereignty and environmental protection.
Throughout Canada's history, elections have been won or lost on the issue of trade reciprocity with the United States. Reciprocity is a core concern of Canadians. However, in the run-up to the most recent federal election there was virtually no talk of China let alone a free trade agreement with China. The Liberal government has no idea what the opinions of Canadians are on this most important issue. It is a grievous and egregious error to begin trade negotiations with China on free trade without a mandate from Canadians. Either another federal election is required or a national referendum needs to be held immediately.
It may be necessary to remind Canadians that the reciprocity issue (free-trade) has been a key feature of several elections throughout Canada's history. In 1891, the Laurier liberals ran on a platform of removal of tariffs. It lost to the conservative protectionist party. Unsuccessful attempts by the liberals to revive free trade with a reciprocity treaty in 1911 led to a political victory by the conservatives who warned of annexation. More recently, the Progressive Conservatives won the 1988 election on almost the exclusive basis of a Canada-US Free Trade Agreement or FTA. In 1993, the pro-NAFTA conservative government majority was reduced from 154 members to 2 members.
It was disingenuous of the Liberal Party to not have campaigned on the issue of free trade with China. It was well known that the FIPA agreement with China (which was vigorously opposed by Canadians) formed the basis to negotiate a free trade agreement with China. At that time, China expressed interest in a free trade agreement with Canada. Why did the Liberal Party wait more than one year into their term to accept exploratory talks with the Chinese if not to avoid an election on the issue. They do not have a mandate to initiate free-trade talks with China because the was effectively silenced in their election platform.
A free-trade platform in an election is a core necessity for Canadians if free-trade is contemplated. It has been omitted and been replaced by behind the scenes pay-for-play strategy with the Chinese to fund the next campaign. It is opportunistic at best and at worst it is oligarchic behaviour for the Liberal government.
Donald Trump ran on a protectionist platform to change or even scrap NAFTA. While he mainly directed his attention to Mexico it was well understood that by extension it could also apply to the other signatory of the agreement which is Canada. President Trump has a clear mandate based on the results of the electoral college to renegotiate NAFTA.
On the other hand, the Liberal government does not have a mandate to negotiate a free-trade agreement with China. The PRC is an autocratic regime which has trampled on human rights. Are you aware the head of the Supreme People's Court has just dismissed the concept of judicial independence as an “erroneous Western ideal” and trap? In other words, China is governed by the Communist Party under one man rule rather than under the rules of a constitution. If Canada pursues accelerated free-trade with China without a clear electoral mandate then its democracy will regress from Periclean to Peisistratean tyranny.
A second core issue for Canadians is rule of law both domestically and internationally. Canadians are protected domestically by both a Constitution and a Charter while they are protected internationally by universal rights and conventions. On the other hand, authoritarian states such as China have wonderful constitutions which are flaunted about, but laws protecting citizens are flouted. China has routinely circumvented laws of international organizations such as the WTO and United Nations for its own advancement. Its core concerns are dictated by its four core leaders. Therefore, what is the guarantee that China will abide by the terms of a free-trade treaty?
A third core issue concerns territory. Canada's territory has been set with bilateral agreements with the United States to establish a virtual free border between them. Its other borders have been recognized by international agreements. On the other hand, there is no international agreement concerning China's claim to territory or free land in the South China Sea. Its claim is enforced through its navy.
In other words, Canada's definition of territory is specific while China's definition of territory is general. The Chinese definition is nebulous, turbid and indistinct. It could include practically anything. Why does this inconsistency exist after 18 years of preparation for FIPA and will the error be repeated in a China-Canada free-trade agreement?
Canada has long been criticized by the US administration for not defending freedom of the seas in the South China Sea. Perhaps this is because Canada claims sovereignty in its northern passage rather than recognizing the American position regarding freedom of the seas. However, the Canadian position is rather hypocritical since Canada depends militarily on the United States to keep the passage open. A second in command of the Canadian armed forces was removed recently for divulging confidential data concerning the shipbuilding program which was to have enforced our claims to sovereignty in the north.
Is the government completely convinced that a general definition of territory will not come into conflict with a specific definition of territory with respect, in particular, to the Arctic. What if China were to challenge Canada's sovereignty to the Arctic by sending an icebreaker and tanker through the territorial passage recognized by international agreements as Canadian without the approval of the Canadian government? What if China wished to purchase and upgrade deep water ports at Tuktoyaktuk in the Inuvik Region or Churchill port owned by OmniTRAX? The issue of a dual type of definition for territorial sovereignty must be examined, debated and voted upon in the House of Commons before trade talks begin.
The fourth core issue concerns the environment. For clarity, the issue of coal shipments will be examined. A high percentage of coal sales to China are made by one company---Teck Resources. It is believed that China imposes a tariff of between 3 to 6% on these shipments depending on type and grade of coal. Presumably, in order to have these tariffs reduced to zero (as in the Australian case) then Canada must make some other concession to China.
In 2009, China's state-owned China Investment Corporation purchased a 17 per cent position in Teck Resources through a subsidiary called Fullbloom Investment Corporation. Really, will a 100 flowers bloom 百花运动 on Bloomsday in a coal-induced haze over Beijing? At any rate, as a result of Fullbloom's minority stake in Teck Resouces, Quan Chong was appointed as one of 14 directors on the Teck board. That, in itself is business as usual. What is unusual and perhaps unique is that Quan Chong is a Deputy in the National People's Congress of China. Dermod Travis of Integrity BC said that this issue threatens Canada's sovereignty. "We ultimately risk ceding a great deal of control over the rate our resources are mined, the use of those resources and, potentially, who will be hired to do the mining itself"
Neither Canada nor China can live up to their international obligations concerning reduction of greenhouse gases if Chinese tariffs are reduced on Canadian coal exports. It is unconscionable of Canadian companies to dig up these resources but leave the refining to countries like China which have environmental laws which are not enforced. It is NIMBY at its worst. The solution is for Canada to proportionately impose an export tariff of between 3 and 6 per cent if any Chinese coal tariffs are reduced. Of course, a similar argument can be applied to shipment of bitumen to China.
It is one thing to assume that because neither Canadian reporters nor citizens asked questions at the town halls about China-Canada free-trade, which were engineered to deflect criticism of patronage and pay-for-play, that they have no concern for basic, entrenched core values in their trade relations with China. If Canadians were interested in free trade at all it would not be to satisfy the elite, vested interests of a clique of executives, but rather it would rest on the core interests of all Canadians. The Canadian government's China policy has been neither apparent nor transparent. This can only bode ill-will for the well-being of Canadians. The government's negotiations prior to the Hanzhou conference can be considered at best amateurish and smiles don't go that many miles--not when Chinese police wear smiley face stickers when arresting human rights advocates.
Canada should not do what its trade opponent wants or should one rather say "don't do everything your trade rival wants"! It is one thing to look for common interests concerning trade between two countries such as the United States and Canada, but it is a totally different matter for one who may have no core interests to willfully or wistfully overlook the differences between Canadian core interests and the interests of a core, Chinese leader. Sonny Liston did not follow sunny ways in the boxing ring. He fought without charity to crush his opponent. Expect nothing less from your trade competitor.
D. Carlton Rossi
2017年1月20日
Dawu Group 大午集团 The Sixth General Election of Directors
大午集团 Dawu Group The fifth general election of the board of directors
Private Constitutional
I. Preamble
During their university studies several students took part in the school's "student research project". Our group project title is "Big Afternoon Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Group Corporate Governance Model". The final results of the paper concerned "the private constitutional monarchy". After more than 10 years of development, the group's "Private Enterprise Constitutional System" emerged to lay a solid foundation which incorporated several changes.
At the activity, the Chairman of the Board of Supervisors explained the origin, content, essence and practice of the private enterprise's constitutional system. He also, elaborated upon the stipulation of the family member's subsidy, staff's benefit, the staff's reward and the retiring of the directors in the private enterprise's constitutional system. The supervisor was close to the company's operating practice. The explanation aroused the empathy of the participants who burst into applause.
It can be said that the corporate governance model of Dusong Farming and Livestock Group is the practice of a parliamentary system in an enterprise management system. Here, we will introduce the establishment, operation and performance of the DFLG.
Second, the origin of the "private enterprise constitutional system"
In 2003, because of the "illegal fund-raising case", Sun Dawu and Dafu Group management of more than 10 people were under police control. For a time, noon group was rudderless. Sun Meng who is the son of Sun Dawu was studying at university and preparing to study in Australia. He was temporarily appointed as the Chairman of the Board of Directors in accordance with relevant regulations. As a result, Sun Meng who was the Chairman of the incumbent position had no experience. The operating group of the afternoon suddenly fell into a predicament.
With support of academia and the strong appeal of the business community the "Sun Dawu "illegal fund-raising" case came to nothing. On a sunny day, the punishable imprisonment was limited. The real Sun Afternoon contemplated through meditation the successor problem.
Through thinking and exploration of the British constitutional monarchy evolved the enterprise management decision-making power, the right to operate, the right to monitor, the separation of the three powers and the overall corporate ownership. It was decided not to interfere with the business decision-making, management, and implementation of workers' democratic participation. In 2004, the private, corporate, governance, constitution model of the afternoon farming and animal husbandry group was established. Officially began Sun Dawu's "constitutional monarchy" and "labor republican" practice.
Third, the Group's "private constitutional system"
The Group's top management is the board of directors ,the council and the board of supervisors. How will the three members produce? What are their responsibilities and powers? What about the running rules? To everyone a brief introduction.
(1) The Board of Directors
1, The Board of Directors is the highest decision-making body. The board of directors shall be composed of one chairman and one or two vice-chairmen, and a number of directors. The board of directors shall be elected by the employee representative conference and the chairman shall be elected by the directors. Each director has a term of 2 years, the chairman has a term of 4 years and can be re-elected. The chairman of the board of directors may nominate the vice chairman of the board of directors, and the nominated vice chairman shall be approved by the joint meeting of the three parties.
2) The Board of Directors shall exercise the following functions and powers: to determine the Group's development strategy and major development policy; to decide the annual production, operation, investment plans and work plans of the Group; to formulate the annual incentive plan for employees, and the annual profit distribution plan; operation, and cooperation; to review the Group's articles of association and the system of changes; to appoint, remove or transfer one or two of the subsidiary.
3. The board meeting shall be convened at least once a month. The meeting of the board of directors shall be convened and presided over by the chairman of the board of directors. If the chairman is unable to perform his duties due to special reasons then a chairman shall be appointed or the the chairman of the board of supervisors will preside so that resolutions and decisions will be sent to the Board of Supervisors. More than two thirds of the directors shall be present at a meeting of the Board of Directors. Each director shall have one vote and shall not abstain. The resolution of the board of directors must be adopted by more than two-thirds of all the directors. The director shall sign the resolution of the board of directors and take the responsibility for the resolution of the board of directors.
(B) The Council
1, The Council is the executive body of the Group and is responsible for the implementation of the resolution of the Board of Directors; the composition of the Council consists of top leaders of the office and subsidiaries. The General Manager is responsible for convening the Board meeting once or twice a month.
2. The general manager shall be elected by the board of directors from among the directors. The term of office shall be four years and re-election is possible. The general manager may nominate the deputy general manager among the members of the board of directors or the members of the board of directors. The nominated deputy general manager shall be approved by the joint meeting of the three associations.
3, The general manager of the board of directors is responsible for the exercise of the following powers: presides over the company's production and operation management, organization and implementation of the board of directors resolutions; organizes the implementation of the annual business plan and investment plans, is responsible for the accounts and tasks assessment; acts on behalf of the Group's external important business; oversees The Articles of Association of the Company and other functions and powers granted by the three associations.
(3) The board of supervisors
1, The board of supervisors consists of the owners of property rights family members, trade union chairman, director of the Ministry of Supervision, Chief Financial Officer and other staff. The Supervisory Board has the greatest supervisory power. The board of supervisors and its chairman shall be responsible for and carry out the system of inheritance.
2, The board of supervisors exercises the following powers: the development of the enterprise's basic operating mechanism - "private enterprise constitutional system"; Organizational director election; check the group's financial and business conditions; access to financial books and other accounting information; if necessary, may require the group chairman to supervise and review the financial information, business reports and profit distribution plans of the group companies submitted by the board of directors and the council; and the supervisory committee of the board of directors and the board of supervisors. The chairman of the board of supervisors or the representatives of the board of supervisors may attend the meetings of the board of directors and the board of supervisors.
3, The board of supervisors organizes every two years a general election (every year in December as the election month), the election of the new board of directors. Temporary offices (electoral offices or committees) may be established during the election period which will operate under the authority of the board of supervisors.
Fourth, the "private enterprise constitutional system" of parliamentary nature
(A) The board of directors of the property
From the previous introduction, we can see that the board of directors is equivalent to "Parliament" as it is the core power of the Group. But as an individual, the chairman of the board has only the power of "Speaker". The chairman can only convene and presided over the board of directors and can not make any independent decisions. All decisions must made on the basis of one vote per person. More than two thirds of the directors shall be present at a meeting of the Board of Directors. Each director shall have one vote and shall not abstain. The resolution of the board of directors must be adopted by more than two-thirds of all the directors.
The directors enjoy the following rights: Review the Group's business, financial reports, monthly work summary, and keep abreast of the company's business operations and management; they are concerned about the unit and the Group's production, operation and development which affects the general development. In addition, they provide advice and guidance on the production, operation and management of the Group or the Group's member units with the authorization of the Board of Directors or the informed consent of the Board of Directors. The Company may use the vehicles of the Company free of charge including private cars; enjoy the system of retirement and have the right to study and study abroad for qualifications.
In addition, the election of the directors of the Group is a democratic election of all the workers and staff members who had the right to vote. From the beginning of the election of the board of directors to the present, the demand for the right of suffrage is more and more stringent. In the earliest, as long as there are more than 3 years of service, workers have the right to vote, and in the later those with more than 5 years of service have the right to vote. For members of the cadre team it is required there be 10 years or more of service for the right to vote. The number of workers with the right to vote is now about 500-600 people which in some sense reflects the ancient Roman Senate.
On the other hand, it is interesting to note that the requirements of the DBS Group are very lenient regarding eligibility as a candidate as long as there is more than one year's seniority. - as long as there is more than one year's seniority to be eligible for election as a candidate.
(B) The attributes of the Cabinet Council
The board of directors is equivalent to the "cabinet" of the group, and the general manager who is equivalent to the prime minister has a relatively large personal authority. It is mainly the board members who implement the resolutions of the board of directors; but, it is the general manager who represents the group regarding external affairs.
(C) The chairman of the board of directors of virtual properties
The chairman of the Group's property rights owners is equivalent to the heads of state-owned units of the parliamentary system and as such does not participate in the group's decision-making and management. As the founder of this system, Sun Dawu has never intervened in the board of directors regarding decision-making and management of the Council. Even after his proposal was rejected by the board of directors more than once his proposals are rarely mentioned. It is only the leadership of the supervisory body, led by the members of the board of supervisors and board of directors and other institutions and their members which monitor the conduct.
Now, the Group has successfully organized the sixth session of the general election of the board. Not only is the orderly participatory enthusiasm very high of the majority of workers, but votes, elections and speeches have been used in board elections. In some sense it resembles democratic, national parliamentary elections. In addition, the convening, procedural and voting rules of the Board of Directors are similar to those of parliamentary countries. Therefore, the author of the afternoon group's "private enterprise constitutional system" regards it as a "parliamentary system."
Fifth, The implementation effect of the "parliamentary system"
In the management system of the Dawu Group then the only evaluation of a manager or management system is based on performance. Does this mean that implementation effect of the afternoon group resembles a "parliamentary system"?
The performance of enterprise management is the most basic and most important of two indicators of the company's development speed. The second is the treatment of workers. Here we use data regarding implementation of the "parliamentary system" to illustrate the two aspects.
(A) The rate of enterprise development
The output value of enterprises since the implementation of the constitutional system of private companies increases at an annual rate of 30%. Since 2004 the output value of seven subsidiaries is 100 million yuan with less than 1000 employees. Now, the output value has increased tremendously with 4500 employees.
The Group has at least 80 million square meters of construction area of fixed assets. Current assets are all net assets without bank loans. Each bank has deposits and the subsidiaries are profitable. Dadong Group has the largest stadium in Baoding which can accommodate 6000 people. It is building the top three hospitals with 3000 beds. It can be said that it will be among the best hospitals in Hebei Province. The new hotel is built to accommodate 2,000 people. The benefits of each subsidiary are very good.
In addition, the company stands at the forefront of the world's agricultural products. The Jinfeng breeder can sell for 5 dollars. The number of chicks hatching daily is 300,000. If there are 300,000 chicks hatched per day then total output is over a billion chicks per year. Most of them are transported by plane to other countries such as the United States and the Netherlands.
(B) The treatment of workers
Workers wages calculated in December increased not less than 15% and now run at between 10 to 15% increments. The staff turnover rate runs in the 2% to 3% range. Each cadre training course has 300 to 400 people.
The main award to management personnel is based on profits. If profits exceed 20% then the excess is used to reward cadres. If there is no development and profits are lower than in the previous year then the cadres and workers enjoy a universal 8% reward. The reward to cadres cannot exceed five times the wages of workers an at the highest level cannot exceed 10 times.
The majority of workers also enjoy paid travel of between 1 to 7 days. At a higher level staff can go abroad. This year 80 to 90 people went to Japan. In the future staff may go further. , the future may also go farther. Now, some workers are in Qingdao, Shandong Province and other places. Some companies charter a plane for small treasury expenditures. Housing, medical care, school and , retirement benefits are relatively perfect.
Dawu Group employees also enjoy the benefits of reimbursement of medical expenses. According to the length of service, they enjoy a different reimbursement amount. More than 3 years they are reimbursed up to 3 million, 5 years up to 5 million, 10 years up to 10 million and 20 years up to 20 million on an annual report. Of course, the workers will generally take the health insurance reimbursement and are not reimbursed by the Group.
From the implementation of the constitutional system of private enterprises on a continuous or cumulative basis the chairman of the board can be elected no more than two times, the general manager no more than three times, the directors no more than eight times before they are entitled to retire or retire in principle. The children of directors (cadres) are encouraged to study abroad or go into business. There is available a venture capital fund of between 30 to 100 million yuan.
Generally speaking, it is very difficult for a farming and animal husbandry enterprises to develop rapidly unless through merger and acquisition. However, the potential of the "old peasants" of Xushui County, Hebei Province has been fully actualized through democratic management and bears rich fruit.
Sixth, the reasons for the success of the "New Deal" of Dawu Group
Democratic decision-making maximizes the avoidance of mistakes. The Afternoon Group's implementation of the concept of democracy under the "Group of Parliamentary System" releases the vitality of all employees. The root causes of the development can be succinctly summarized as follows:
A) Democratic elections to ensure the power of workers to mobilize the enthusiasm and cohesion of workers. To be a member of the board there must be enough votes from the staff. The most powerful weapon for workers to participate in enterprise management is their vote. A decision-making company has the power to choose candidates, but also to ensure the improvement of staff enthusiasm, sense of responsibility and cohesion. A Board of Directors elected by the people has a high degree of cohesion. As Sun Dawu said "if employees can vote by hand then they will not easily choose to vote with their feet".
(B) Democratic elections guarantee the harmony between the leadership. Elections are a kind of political, rule-based politics. To enter the board of directors there must be a vote of more than 500 voting, veteran employees. They rely on the personal character, ability, performance and prestige of the incumbent. There is no need to be anybody to become chairman. The recognition of the elected directors is by the same virtues, abilities, performance, prestige and so on. Yangmou politics means to win people hard to avoid the next defeat: to lose people means to not worry about being retaliated against.
(C) Democratic elections guarantee the quality of personnel in decision-making bodies. If one wishes to become a director then one must first go through the primaries. A joint recommendation of 10 people is required. Then, there is a re-election. Finally, there is a real election of the board where one must convince the voters of the subsidiaries. One must win the trust of others in the subsidiaries. Finally, one must win at least 400 votes of more than 500 people who are veteran employees, team leaders and cadres with more than 10 years of service to enter the Board. It may be difficult in democratic elections to select a super talent as the ancient Han Xin or Wu Qi, but it also avoids the mediocrity.
(D) Democratic decision-making can effectively avoid a lot of bold, arbitrary decisions. Any resolution of the Board of Directors shall be a one-person, one-vote of the Directors. Before the voting the parties will be allowed to give full expression of their personal views. This mechanism can roughly guarantee the correctness of decision-making, but also can mobilize people involved in the decision-making to implement the initiative. (A large percentage of board members will hold the number one position.)
(E) The release of the democratic management of the potential of everyone is to mobilize the enthusiasm of everyone. Democratic management is generally bottom-up management. Usually the grass-roots needs to reflect up for implementation. In the implementation of the "parliamentary system", the afternoon group subsidiaries rapidly increased profitability and produced more high quality products. All employees actively contribute to wisdom thereby rapidly releasing the great potential in a cause and effect relationship. At the same time, democratic management involves co-governance of enterprises through sharing the results of the development of management. Dawu Group employees in the enterprise effectively "co-rule" after the real "share" of the group's development results which also ensures the motivation of all Staff.
Summary and Enlightenment
When the Dawu Group implemented the "parliamentary system" in 2004, it was only a relatively good township and town enterprise. The employees were basically the "old peasants" in the nearby villages, and there were few college students. As an enterprise, its external environment changed. As a business, its requirements for decision-making efficiency is also much higher than the general administrative agencies; as a rural-based farming enterprises, their internal relations between the staff is close and complex.
In the widely popular theory of quality in the external environment with regard to the development stage of view it is in any case not suitable for agricultural and livestock groups or the democratic system. However, within such a group of enterprises in the rapid development stage of the grandparents living together with the "old peasants" along with scholar-led entrepreneurs it is not only suitable to establish a democratic system, but also far higher than the same period of China's economic development. The speed and much higher the quality of development of most enterprises prove the strength of democracy. The management reform of the Dawning Group can also be regarded as a glorious practice of democracy--especially the parliamentary system in China.
No matter how successful is the Big Dipper Group; nevertheless, some people can cite counter-examples to prove the harm caused by democracy; especially, when they come into contact with one-sided information. Then the transformation of the group can bring us what inspiration? If some of the abstract elements of the transformation of the afternoon group can be summed up then one can find similar democratization of the country as an analogy. In a broader context one can get some inspiration.
(A) The most powerful force to take the initiative to promote reform. To ask about who has the largest of influence at the afternoon group it is undoubtably Sun Dawu himself. New Year's Day is also Sun Day afternoon to promote the implementation of the afternoon. One of the most powerful forces takes the initiative to promote the reform of democratic management. The process will no doubt be smooth. The executives and ordinary people may not be able to understand the intention of this system, but with the implementation of this system over a period of time we will get the New Deal co-governance, sharing business opportunities and real gains. The final set up of the system means unbreakable authority.
Sun Dawu--as chairman of the board--never intervened in the Group's decision-making and management. It is only the board of directors and members of the Council who have the power and responsibility in this area. Sun Dawu's proposal was rejected by the board of directors more than once. Sun Dawu respected the decision-making power of the board. Sun Day afternoon is now unable to overthrow the system according to his own statement.
A very similar case involved Japan's post-war reforms. After the war the Japanese did not know what democracy was, but under the occupation forces commander MacArthur's strong impetus, Japan opened the reform process, and soon the new system in Japan began on a track of sound development. Whether in the United States or Japan, there are people who do not agree with the views of Marshal MacArthur, but they can not compete, and ultimately these people benefit from MacArthur's actions.
In contrast, those countries that failed in democratization reform, mostly because of the strong force that destroyed the initial system, resulted in a lack of authority and difficulty to implement the system. Imagine Gaddafi, Mubarak and other dignitaries if they could take the initiative to promote their own reforms, and carefully protect the new system of operation. Then their lives would be able to radiate a different luster.
One of the most powerful forces is to take the initiative to promote a civilization and progress of the system. The best care of this system is to regulate all aspects of power to ensure the healthy development of this system at the lowest cost to promote an organizational civilization and progress. This approach is such a powerful force and the greatest fortune!
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